Documentation Guides / OT · PT · SLP

How to write a therapy SOAP note that says what happened.

A useful SOAP note is more than four headings. It connects patient report, objective intervention, clinical interpretation and next steps without guessing missing facts.

Start with the facts from the visit

Whether you are documenting occupational, physical or speech therapy, start from the information collected during the actual visit. Separate what the patient said from what you observed; describe skilled actions and response before adding your interpretation. A short treatment recap can help you preserve the details while they are fresh.

Subjective: the patient's story

Include relevant symptoms, perceived function, goals or caregiver reports, clearly attributed to the source. If no new subjective information was obtained, do not manufacture statements such as 'no concerns' or 'no pain.'

Objective: what was done and observed

Describe the intervention, task performance, level of assistance or cueing, measures recorded, and response. Include dosage, repetitions, distance, accuracy or time only if actually measured.

Assessment: why the findings matter

Interpret the documented performance, identify limitations or progress supported by comparison data, and explain the skilled treatment need when appropriate.

Plan: what happens next

State the next intervention focus or reassessment, making the plan consistent with the actual findings and current goals.

Worked SOAP note example

The following invented case illustrates how to separate reported information, observed interventions, interpretation and a next step. No clinical facts should be copied into a real chart.

Subjective

Patient reported greater difficulty walking to the mailbox after a recent change in daily routine.

Objective

Practiced gait with a walker for 80 feet with standby assistance; completed three sit-to-stands with verbal cues for hand placement.

Assessment

Observed need for assistance and repeated cueing during functional mobility supports continued task-specific training. No change in gait distance is asserted without prior comparable data.

Plan

Review gait performance and transfer safety next session; adjust activity demands based on patient response.

Questions clinicians ask

What if a SOAP section has no information?

Avoid fabricating content. Follow your clinic's guidance for documenting information that was not assessed or reported.

How long should a therapy SOAP note be?

Long enough to capture required skilled treatment, observed findings, clinical reasoning and plan; no single word count fits every setting.

Can an AI draft a SOAP note?

Yes, as a first draft from clinician-supplied facts. The clinician must verify details and finalize the note.